What action should a lifeguard take if they cannot reach a victim directly?

A lifeguard's primary responsibility is to ensure the safety of individuals in the water, and if a lifeguard cannot reach a victim directly, throwing a flotation device is the most appropriate action. This method allows the lifeguard to provide aid while minimizing personal risk. A flotation device can close the distance between the victim and the rescuer, enabling the victim to grab hold of the device, which can help keep them afloat until further assistance arrives.

Using a flotation device also allows the lifeguard to maintain a safe distance, especially if the victim is panicking or struggling, which could pose a risk to the rescuer if they attempt a direct rescue. This method aligns with standard lifeguarding practices that prioritize both the rescuer's safety and the effectiveness of the rescue.

Other options, such as jumping into the water without any equipment or waiting for backup, introduce unnecessary risks and delays. Yelling at the victim may provide some direction, but it is not a reliable form of assistance and could potentially increase panic in the victim. Therefore, throwing a flotation device serves both the lifeguard's safety and the victim's needs effectively.